Glossary

'''This is a short example of some tech terminology used by hackers. A full version can be found in the Hacker's Dictionary by Guy Steele and others.'''

Back door - In the security of a system, a hole deliberately left in place by designers or maintainers. May be intended for use by service technicians.

Bit bucket - The universal data sink. Discarded, lost or destroyed data is said to have gone to the bit bucket.

Cracker - One who breaks security on a system. Coined by hackers in defense against journalistic misuse of the term "hacker." The term "cracker" reflects a strong revulsion at the theft and vandalism perpetrated by cracking rings. There is far less overlap between hackerdom and crackerdom than most would suspect.

Daisy Chaining - Gain entry to computer/network and use it to gain access to another, then to another. Hackers who get away with database theft usually do this then backtrack (this means they go backward after doing what they intended nd cover their tracks by destroying logs etc).

Deep magic - An awesomely arcane technique central to a program or system, esp. one that could only have been composed by a true wizard. Many techniques in cryptography, signal processing, graphics and artificial intelligence are deep magic.

Foo - 1) Term of disgust; 2) Used very generally as a sample name for absolutely anything, esp. programs and files.

Hacker - 1) A person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable systems and how to stretch their capabilities; 2) One who programs enthusiastically; 3)A person who is good at programming quickly; 4)An expert at a particular program, as in 'a Unix hacker‘; 5) [deprecated] A malicious meddler who tries to discover sensitive information by poking around. The correct term for this sense is "cracker."

KISS Principle - "Keep It Simple, Stupid." Often invoked when discussing design to fend off creeping featurism and control development complexity. Possibly related to the marketroid maxim, "Keep It Short and Simple."

Kluge - 1) A Rube Goldberg (or Heath Robinson) device, whether in hardware or software; 2) A clever programming trick intended to solve a particularly nasty case in an expedient, if not clear, manner; 3)  Something that works for the wrong reason.

Lots of MIPS but no I/O - A person who is technically brilliant but who can't seem to communicate with human beings effectively. Technically it describes a machine that has lots of processing power but is bottlenecked on input-output.

Munge - 1) [derogatory] To imperfectly transform information; 2) A comprehensive rewrite of a routine, data structure or whole program; 3) To modify data in some way that the speaker doesn't need to go into right now.

Netiquette -The conventions of politeness recognized on Usenet, such as avoidance of cross-pointing to inappropriate groups and refraining from commercial pluggery outside the biz groups.

Phreaking – 1) The art and science of cracking the phone network (so as, for example, to make free long-distance calls); 2) By extension, security-cracking in any other context (especially, but not exclusively, on communications networks).

Raster burn - Eyestrain brought on by too many hours of looking at low-res, poorly tuned or glare-ridden monitors, esp. graphics monitors.

RTFM [Acronym for 'Read The F-- Manual.'] – 1) Used by gurus to brush off questions they consider trivial or annoying; 2) Used when reporting a problem to indicate that you aren't just asking out of randomness: "Yes, I RTFM first."

Security through obscurity (alt. security by obscurity) - A hacker term for vendors' favourite way of coping with security holes -- namely, ignoring them; documenting neither any known holes nor the underlying security algorithms; or trusting that nobody will find out about them, and that people who did find about them won't exploit them. This "strategy" never works for long.

Sneaker - An individual hired to break into places in order to test their security; analogous to "tiger team."

Spaghetti code - Code with a complex and tangled control structure, esp. one using many GOTOs, exceptions or other 'unstructured' branching constructs. Pejorative. The synonym kangaroo code has also been reported, doubtless because such code has so many jumps in it.

Time bomb - A subspecies of logic bomb that is triggered by reaching some preset time; set to go off if the programmer is fired or laid off and is not present to perform the appropriate suppressing action periodically.

Trojan horse - A malicious, security-breaking program that is disguised as something benign, such as a directory lister, archiver, game or (in one notorious 1990 case on the Mac) a program to find and destroy viruses.

Vaporware - Products announced far in advance of any release.

Voodoo programming -The use by guess or cookbook of an obscure or hairy system, feature or algorithm that one does not truly understand. The implication is that the technique may not work, and if it doesn't, one will never know why.

Vulcan nerve pinch -The keyboard combination that forces a soft-boot or jump to ROM monitor (on machines that support such a feature). On many micros this is Ctrl-Alt-Del; on Suns, L1-A; on some Macintoshes, it is ! Also called the "three-finger salute."

Wedged – 1) To be stuck, incapable of proceeding without help. This is different from having crashed. If the system has crashed, it has become totally nonfunctioning. If the system is wedged, it is trying to do something but cannot make progress; 2) Often refers to humans suffering misconceptions.

Wetware – 1)The human nervous system, as opposed to computer hardware or software; 2) Human beings (programmers, operators, administrators) attached to a computer system, as opposed to that system's hardware or software.

Wizard - A person who knows how a complex piece of software or hardware works; esp. someone who can find and fix bugs quickly in an emergency. Someone is a hacker if he or she has general hacking ability, but is a wizard only if he or she has detailed knowledge.

Would-be cracker (a Black Hat hacker) or script-kiddie - This term denotes those who do not know how to hack systems but use malicious code written by others to do their damage.

Zipperhead - A person with a closed mind.